Recent progress in nanocomposites based on conducting polymer: application as electrochemical sensors

Abstract Over the years, intensive research works have been devoted to conducting polymers due to their potential application in many fields such as fuel cell, sensors, and capacitors. To improve the properties of these compounds, several new approaches have been developed which consist in combining conducting polymers and nanoparticles. Then, this review intends to give a clear overview on nanocomposites based on conducting polymers, synthesis, characterization, and their application as electrochemical sensors. For this, the paper is divided into two parts: the first part will highlight the nanocomposites synthesized by combination of carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) and conducting polymers. The preparation of polymer/CNMs such as graphene and carbon nanotube modified electrode is presented coupled with relevant applications. The second part consists of a review of nanocomposites synthesized by combination of metal nanoparticles and conducting polymers

Ionic liquid/carbon nanofibers/bismuth particles novel hybrid nanocomposite for voltammetric sensing of heavy metals

International audienceA novel electrochemical sensor based on a nanocomposite of ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide [EMIM][NTf2], carbon nanofibres, and bismuth particles modified carbon paste (BiPs-CNFs/[EMIM][NTf2]/CPE) has been proposed. Though the large active surface area and good electrical conductivity, the elaborated sensor exhibited excellent electroanalytical performances for the detection of heavy metal ions. In the presence of bismuth ions deposited by in-situ modification, the sensitivity of the BiPs-CNFs/[EMIM][NTf2]/CPE for the determination of Pb2+ and Cd2+ were significantly enhanced. At a concentration ranging from 2 to 120 μg L−1 and under the optimal working conditions the limits of detection for Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 0.12 and 0.25 μg L−1, respectively. The proposed electrochemical sensor has a good repeatability, reproducibility and selectivity for detection of Pb2+ and Cd2+ even in the presence of interfering ions. The BiPs-CNFs/[EMIM][NTf2]/CPE has been successfully applied for the detection of heavy metals in a real sample of well water with satisfactory results

Electrochemical sensor based on low silica X zeolite modified carbon paste for carbaryl determination

A new and simple approach for carbaryl determination in natural sample was proposed using Low Silica X (LSX) zeolite modified carbon paste electrode. LSX zeolite with a porous structure was incorporated into carbon paste electrode in the appropriate portion. The prepared electrode was then characterized using scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Various experimental parameters as the zeolite amounts, pH, accumulation time, and differential pulse voltammetric parameters were optimized. Under optimal conditions, a linear response was obtained in the range of 1–100 µM of carbaryl using differential pulse voltammetry with detection limit of 0.3 µM (S/N = 3). The sensors showed good selectivity, stability, and reproducibility and has been successfully applied for detection of carbaryl in tomato samples with good recoveries